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Factors Affecting the Outcome and Intensity of Intergroup Encounters in Crested Macaques (Macaca nigra)

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journal contribution
posted on 2024-09-24, 14:39 authored by Laura Martinez Inigo, Rismayanti, Engelhardt Antje, Agil Muhammad, Pilot Malgorzata, Bonaventura MajoloBonaventura Majolo

Conspecific animal groups often compete for access to fitness-enhancing resources. The more valuable the resource at stake is, the greater the costs groups can afford to outcompete their neighbours, leading to between-group conflicts. We investigated what factors affected intergroup encounter outcome (win, loss, or draw) and intensity (level of aggression and duration) in wild, crested macaques (Macaca nigra). We collected data on 158 dyadic intergroup encounters among three groups of crested macaques in Tangoko Nature Reserve (Indonesia) between November 2015 and July 2016. Intergroup encounters were more likely to have a clear winner the larger the group size difference was between the opposing groups and when both groups rarely used the intergroup encounter location. Groups tended to win in specific parts of their home range, regardless of the numerical advantage, the frequency of use of the intergroup encounter location and its distance to the closest core area. Most encounters involved aggression, but contact aggression was rare. None of our candidate predictors helped to explain the differences in intergroup encounter escalation. Male intergroup aggression was more common than female intergroup aggression. The probability of female and male participation in intergroup aggression increased with the participation of the other sex. Males chased and attacked females in their group (i.e., herded them) in most encounters. Our study suggests that intragroup sexual conflict occurs during intergroup encounters in crested macaques.More detailed and longer studies on intergroup participation may help to understand the factors behind crested macaque intergroup encounter outcome and intensity.

History

School affiliated with

  • School of Psychology (Research Outputs)

Publication Title

International Journal of Primatology

Volume

44

Publisher

Springer

ISSN

0164-0291

eISSN

1573-8604

Date Submitted

2023-09-04

Date Accepted

2023-07-06

Date of First Publication

2023-08-04

Date of Final Publication

2023-08-31

Date Document First Uploaded

2023-08-31

ePrints ID

55957

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