Greenland summer blocking characteristics: an evaluation of a high-resolution multi-model ensemble
Atmospheric blocking is a phenomenon that can lead to extreme weather events over a large region, yet its causes are not fully understood. Global climate models show limitations in representing Northern Hemisphere blocking, especially its frequency, and decadal variability in Greenland blocking in summer in the recent decades. In this study we evaluate the ability of high-resolution (HighResMIP) Earth System Models (ESMs) to simulate summer blocking over the Greenland area, using different but complementary methods to describe the characteristics of blocking. We find that the HighResMIP ensemble can reproduce the spatial pattern of Greenland blocking events, albeit with systematic biases, and capture the relative frequencies of the main blocking patterns: namely the wave breaking structure, North Atlantic ridge, and omega-type blocking. However, the HighResMIP ensemble fails to simulate the observed temporal variations of Greenland blocking index (GB2) and the extremely high values of daily GB2 observed in recent decades. In addition, we do not find clearly superior representation of blocking features from higher-resolution in HighResMIP models compared with lower-resolution models. We also find large sea surface temperature (SST) biases over the North Atlantic and seas surrounding Greenland, and biases in moisture transport over the North Atlantic toward Greenland, especially over the western flank of blocking areas, which might together contribute to model biases in the representation of blocking magnitude.
Funding
Causes and impacts of Greenland atmospheric Blocking changes
Natural Environment Research Council
Find out more...History
School affiliated with
- Department of Geography (Research Outputs)
Publication Title
Climate DynamicsVolume
62Issue
12Pages/Article Number
10503–10523Publisher
SpringerExternal DOI
ISSN
0930-7575eISSN
1432-0894Date Submitted
2024-03-04Date Accepted
2024-09-20Date of First Publication
2024-10-16Date of Final Publication
2024-12-01Open Access Status
- Open Access